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BMW2004–2019 Critical issues documented

BMW 1 Series F20: common faults & what to check

The F20 is the BMW 1 Series built 2011–2020. It was sold here with the 1.6 turbo petrol, 2.0 turbo petrol, and 3.0 turbo (M135i). Of the 50 faults documented for the 1 Series, 26 apply to this generation, each with its symptoms, what to inspect and a typical repair cost. Free, no account needed.

Check this exact BMW 1 Series

  • Odometer history
  • Money owing
  • Reported stolen
  • Ownership history
  • Official NZ vehicle register data
  • NZ owned and operated

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50

Documented faults

Critical

Most serious

$700–$2,500

Typical repair

8

Systems covered

You're looking at the F20

3 engine variants are documented for this generation. Pick yours to narrow further, or keep reading for the generation as a whole.

Choose a different generation

Now narrow it to the engine

A 1.8 and a 2.4 of the same car do not fail the same way, so the faults below narrow to the engine as well as the year. Free, no account needed.

A 2015 BMW 1 Series is the F20 generation (2011 to 2020).

Start your free check on this BMW 1 Series

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BMW 1 Series F20Engine not picked yet

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Can't confirm for this car

BMW 1 Series · 2015

Narrowed to the year. No engine is recorded for this vehicle. Pick an engine to see which faults apply.

Tell us the engine, or check the engine code on the car, before relying on this.

  • No engine is recorded for this vehicle.

matched on year only

What to look out for

The checks worth doing on a BMW 1 Series before you hand over any money. Every documented fault is listed below, each with its own page.

  • Costly issue

    Test drive with firm throttle application from 60 km/h to provoke a kickdown and note any harshness or lurch.

    See why

    ZF 8HP Harsh Kickdown & EGS Software Fault

    F20 models fitted with the ZF 8HP 8-speed automatic transmission exhibit harsh jerky downshifts during firm acceleration kickdown. The fault originates in the Electronic Gearbox System EGS software calibration rather than mechanical wear. Early production units had a known torque converter clutch engagement conflict during rapid throttle inputs, producing a clunk or lurch felt through the drivetrain. BMW released multiple EGS software updates over the production run but not all vehicles received the update and some owners report only partial improvement. In some cases the torque converter clutch friction material degrades from the repeated harsh engagement cycles, requiring transmission servicing. A judder when pulling away from rest is a secondary symptom.

    What you would notice

    • Harsh clunky downshift under firm or full-throttle acceleration
    • Judder or shudder through the drivetrain when moving away from rest
    • Delayed or hunting gear selection in Sport mode at steady cruise
    • Transmission warning light in more severe cases
    • Kickdown produces a mechanical jolt rather than a smooth step-down

    Typically $0–$2,800 to put right.

  • Costly issue

    During test drive, perform several full lock-to-lock manoeuvres at low speed (simulating tight parking) and check for steering effort variation.

    See why

    EPS rack motor brush wear causing loss of steering assist

    The F20 uses a column-assist electric power steering system (ZF Lenksysteme) in which a brushed DC motor on the steering rack provides all steering assistance. Unlike hydraulic systems, the brushes inside the DC motor wear progressively and generate conductive carbon dust that deposits on the commutator segments. This causes intermittent arcing, rising electrical resistance and eventual loss of consistent current to the motor windings. The driver experiences sudden and random loss of power steering assist, typically at low speed or during parking manoeuvres. The fault is most prevalent in high-mileage city cars (above 100,000 km) and worsens in hot climates where motor temperatures are elevated. Replacement requires the full EPS rack unit as the motor is not sold separately by BMW in most markets.

    What you would notice

    • Sudden heavy steering at low speed, normal at higher speeds
    • Intermittent steering assist loss that may recover after switching ignition off and on
    • Steering warning light (orange wheel icon) on instrument cluster
    • Fault codes in DSC/EPS module: 5E49, 5E54, or EPS motor current fault
    • Grinding or humming noise from steering column area on lock-to-lock turns

    Typically $2,200–$5,500 to put right.

  • Common issue

    With the engine warm, look and sniff around the rocker cover edges and below the oil filter housing (front of engine) with a torch.

    See why

    Rocker cover and oil filter housing gasket leaks (F20)

    F20 petrol and diesel engines commonly weep oil from the rocker (valve) cover gasket and oil filter housing gasket from around 80,000 km. Slow leaks drip onto the exhaust or belt drive — a burning smell and, if ignored on the diesel, oil-contaminated engine mounts and belts. Routine but labour-heavy jobs at NZ workshop rates.

    What you would notice

    • Burning oil smell after driving
    • Oil weep down the front/side of the engine
    • Drips on the driveway
    • Low oil between services

    Typically $400–$1,200 to put right.

See all 26 issues for this oneDocumented for the exact year and engine you picked, including 11 rated critical.
Engine, transmission & cooling1

01ZF 8HP Harsh Kickdown & EGS Software Fault

Test drive with firm throttle application from 60 km/h to provoke a kickdown and note any harshness or lurch.2012–2019TransmissionRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller
Electrical1

02EPS rack motor brush wear causing loss of steering assist

During test drive, perform several full lock-to-lock manoeuvres at low speed (simulating tight parking) and check for steering effort variation.2011–2019Electrical
OccasionalElectrical $2,200–$5,500 to fix

The F20 uses a column-assist electric power steering system (ZF Lenksysteme) in which a brushed DC motor on the steering rack provides all steering assistance. Unlike hydraulic systems, the brushes inside the DC motor wear progressively and generate conductive carbon dust that deposits on the commutator segments. This causes intermittent arcing, rising electrical resistance and eventual loss of consistent current to the motor windings. The driver experiences sudden and random loss of power steering assist, typically at low speed or during parking manoeuvres. The fault is most prevalent in high-mileage city cars (above 100,000 km) and worsens in hot climates where motor temperatures are elevated. Replacement requires the full EPS rack unit as the motor is not sold separately by BMW in most markets.

Symptoms to notice

  • Sudden heavy steering at low speed, normal at higher speeds
  • Intermittent steering assist loss that may recover after switching ignition off and on
  • Steering warning light (orange wheel icon) on instrument cluster
  • Fault codes in DSC/EPS module: 5E49, 5E54, or EPS motor current fault
  • Grinding or humming noise from steering column area on lock-to-lock turns

What to check

During test drive, perform several full lock-to-lock manoeuvres at low speed (simulating tight parking) and check for steering effort variation. Inspect the EPS ECU connector under the dash for corrosion. Ask for any history of steering warning lights. If a workshop inspection is possible: Check for stored EPS fault codes via OBD-II or BMW ISTA.

Where to look: Steering rack / EPS motor assembly, under centre console / steering column area

Parts involved: Steering rack.

Ask the seller

  • “Has the steering warning light ever appeared on the dash?”
  • “Has the power steering rack or EPS module been replaced?”
  • “Has the car ever had sudden heavy steering, particularly when parking?”
Body, brakes, suspension & interior1 critical1

03Takata driver airbag inflator recall PRA 2018/17191 (F20/F21 1 Series, 2014-2017)

Some 2014 to 2017 F20/F21 1 Series cars (all engines) were built with a Takata driver's airbag whose propellant can absorb moisture over time.2014–2017Interior
OccasionalInterior $0–$1,500 to fix

Some 2014 to 2017 F20/F21 1 Series cars (all engines) were built with a Takata driver's airbag whose propellant can absorb moisture over time. In a crash the inflator can over-pressurise and rupture, throwing metal fragments at the driver, which can cause serious injury or death. BMW Australia recalled F Series cars in a staged campaign from December 2018 (PRA 2018/17191) to replace the airbag free of charge, and a separate 2024 recall (REC-006035) covers cars later fitted with a steering wheel that has a Takata inflator. Have the VIN checked to confirm the recall work is done. Not every car is in the recall; a dealer check of the VIN is the only way to know.

Symptoms to notice

  • No visible symptom: the defect only shows when the airbag deploys
  • Airbag warning light on the dash may indicate an airbag module has been disturbed or replaced with a non-genuine part

What to check

  1. Ask the seller for the BMW dealer invoice showing the Takata driver airbag recall (PRA 2018/17191) was done, and ring a BMW dealer with the VIN to confirm there are no open airbag recalls.
  2. Check the airbag warning light comes on at start-up and goes out after a few seconds.
  3. Look at the steering wheel: if it has been swapped for a different style, ask where it came from, because swapped wheels are covered by a separate Takata recall (REC-006035).
  4. If a workshop inspection is possible: have a BMW dealer read the vehicle recall history by VIN and check the airbag module part label against the recall list.

Where to look: Driver airbag in the centre of the steering wheel

Ask the seller

  • “Has the Takata driver airbag recall been done, and do you have the dealer invoice?”
  • “Has the steering wheel ever been replaced or swapped for a different style?”
  • “Has the airbag warning light ever come on?”
Fluid leaks1

04Rocker cover and oil filter housing gasket leaks (F20)

With the engine warm, look and sniff around the rocker cover edges and below the oil filter housing (front of engine) with a torch.2011–2019Fluid Leaks
Very commonFluid Leaks $400–$1,200 to fix

F20 petrol and diesel engines commonly weep oil from the rocker (valve) cover gasket and oil filter housing gasket from around 80,000 km. Slow leaks drip onto the exhaust or belt drive — a burning smell and, if ignored on the diesel, oil-contaminated engine mounts and belts. Routine but labour-heavy jobs at NZ workshop rates.

Symptoms to notice

  • Burning oil smell after driving
  • Oil weep down the front/side of the engine
  • Drips on the driveway
  • Low oil between services

What to check

With the engine warm, look and sniff around the rocker cover edges and below the oil filter housing (front of engine) with a torch. Fresh shiny oil means an active leak — use it to negotiate.

Where to look: Top of engine (rocker cover) and front of engine (oil filter housing)

Parts involved: Rocker / valve cover.

Ask the seller

  • “Have the rocker cover or oil filter housing gaskets been replaced?”
  • “Where is that oil smell coming from?”
Depends on the exact engine — 22 moreDocumented for a specific engine we could not confirm from what you picked. Check the engine code on the car.
Engine, transmission & cooling20

01N47 diesel timing chain failure (rear-mounted, catastrophic)

diesel2007–2015EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

02N47/B47 Diesel Swirl Flap Failure and Inlet Manifold Damage

Check for fault codes P2004, P2005 (intake manifold runner stuck open/closed).diesel2012–2019Engine
OccasionalEngine $1,200–$8,500 to fix

Can't confirm for this car

The N47 and B47 diesel engines use variable swirl flaps in the intake manifold to improve low-speed combustion efficiency. The flap actuator linkage and flap pivot pins are made of plastic and aluminium and are prone to seizure or fracture. A failed flap can separate and be ingested into the combustion chamber, causing catastrophic piston and valve damage. BMW has issued revised parts with metal construction but the recall/TSB coverage is incomplete across all markets.

Symptoms to notice

  • EML warning light with codes P2004 or P2005 (manifold runner control fault)
  • Sudden severe engine knock or mechanical noise followed by engine failure (flap ingestion)
  • Intermittent rough running or flat spot at low throttle
  • Black oily residue around intake manifold gasket faces
  • Loss of power at low RPM with diesel knock

What to check

  1. Check for fault codes P2004, P2005 (intake manifold runner stuck open/closed).
  2. Look for black carbon buildup in intake tract which can accelerate flap wear.
  3. Verify if revised metal-pin swirl flaps have been installed (ask for BMW parts receipt).
  4. If a workshop inspection is possible: Remove the intake duct before the manifold and visually inspect swirl flap edges for damage, play, or missing material.

Where to look: Intake manifold, inside the inlet runners at each cylinder port

Parts involved: Intake manifold.

Ask the seller

  • “Have the swirl flaps been inspected, replaced with revised metal-pin parts, or blanked off?”
  • “Has the engine ever shown a warning light related to the intake manifold runner or EML?”
  • “Has the car ever suffered any sudden loss of power or mechanical noise from the engine?”

03N13 1.6 turbo timing chain and VANOS problems (F20 114i/116i/118i)

Cold start and listen for chain rattle in the first seconds.petrol2011–2015Engine
CommonEngine $1,500–$7,000 to fix

Can't confirm for this car

The entry F20 petrols use the N13 (Prince-family) 1.6 turbo, which inherits the stretched timing chain, failing tensioner and VANOS solenoid problems of its Mini/Peugeot relatives. Chain failure destroys the engine; whining or rattling means the chain kit is due. These engines also carbon up their intake valves being direct injection.

The front of a dual overhead camshaft engine with the timing cover removed, exposing the timing chain and sprockets.Example of the part — not this vehicle

The front of a twin-cam engine with the timing cover off — chain, sprockets and guides.

Logansenf · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Symptoms to notice

  • Diesel-like rattle at cold idle
  • Whirring/whining that rises with rpm
  • Rough cold idle, VANOS fault codes
  • Loss of power / limp mode

What to check

  1. Cold start and listen for chain rattle in the first seconds.
  2. Ask if the timing chain kit has been replaced (common by 100,000 km).
  3. Scan for VANOS and camshaft correlation codes before buying.

Where to look: Front of the engine (timing chain), VANOS solenoids on the head

Parts involved: Timing chain, Turbocharger.

Ask the seller

  • “Has the timing chain kit been replaced?”
  • “Any VANOS or camshaft fault codes?”

04N47S 2.0L twin-turbo timing chain and high-output stress (123d / 125d)

diesel2007–2016EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

05N13/N18 timing chain stretch — cam-crank fault

Review service history for oil change compliance — the N13 requires 5W-30 LL-01 oil every 15,000 km maximum in real-world NZ/AU conditions.petrol2011–2019EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

06N20 2.0T timing chain guide failure (125i)

Listen for cold-start chain rattle from the front of the engine.petrol2011–2015EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

07N47 2.0D EGR Cooler Gasket Failure & White Smoke

Check the coolant reservoir for brown discolouration or oily film on the surface.diesel2011–2019EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

08N20 2.0L turbo timing-chain guide failure (125i F20)

Insist on a cold first start and listen for a rattle from the front of the engine.petrol2011–2016EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

09N20 2.0T electric water pump failure (125i)

Check coolant level in reservoir (should be at MAX when cold).petrol2012–2019CoolingRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

10B38A15 Three-Cylinder Oil Consumption and Piston Ring Wear

Check oil level on dipstick and note how recently the oil was last changed (service history).petrol2015–2019Engine
OccasionalEngine $3,000–$8,000 to fix

Can't confirm for this car

The B38A15 1.5L three-cylinder turbocharged petrol engine used in entry-level 116i models has a documented pattern of elevated oil consumption, particularly in higher-mileage examples. Piston ring design on early production units allows oil to pass into the combustion chamber, causing blue smoke on startup and rapid oil level drop. BMW revised piston ring specifications in a later production update but many early-build engines remain on original rings. The small sump capacity (approximately 4.5L) means consumption is noticed quickly.

Symptoms to notice

  • Oil consumption exceeding 1L per 1,000 km between services
  • Blue or grey smoke from exhaust visible on cold startup and when lifting off throttle
  • Carbon fouling on spark plugs (oil contamination in combustion chamber)
  • Oil level reading at or below minimum before scheduled service interval
  • Oily residue around exhaust tip interior

What to check

  1. Check oil level on dipstick and note how recently the oil was last changed (service history).
  2. Look for blue-tinged smoke from the exhaust on startup, especially after the car has been parked overnight.
  3. Inspect the oil filler cap for carbon deposits (indicator of blow-by).
  4. Ask seller how frequently they need to add oil between services.
  5. If a workshop inspection is possible: If possible, perform a cylinder leak-down or compression test.

Where to look: Engine block, piston and ring assembly all three cylinders

Ask the seller

  • “How often do you need to top up the engine oil between scheduled services?”
  • “Has blue or grey smoke ever been visible from the exhaust, particularly on startup?”
  • “Has any diagnostic or compression testing been done on the engine?”

11B47 Diesel Timing Chain Cold-Start Rattle (F20/F21 116d/118d/120d)

Start engine from cold and listen immediately for chain rattle from the front of the engine.diesel2015–2019Engine
OccasionalEngine $2,500–$7,000 to fix

Can't confirm for this car

The B47 2.0d engine that replaced the N47 in the F20/F21 from around 2014-2015 features a revised front-mounted timing chain intended to address the N47 rear-chain catastrophe. However, documented cases of cold-start timing chain rattle emerged on higher-mileage examples (typically over 120,000 km) and on vehicles with extended oil-change intervals. The rattle is caused by chain tensioner lag on cold start — oil pressure takes time to build, leaving the chain momentarily slack. While far less catastrophic than the N47 failure mode, persistent rattle indicates chain stretch and tensioner wear that will worsen. BMW issued revised tensioner specifications for B47 engines.

The front of a dual overhead camshaft engine with the timing cover removed, exposing the timing chain and sprockets.Example of the part — not this vehicle

The front of a twin-cam engine with the timing cover off — chain, sprockets and guides.

Logansenf · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Symptoms to notice

  • Metallic rattling from front of engine for the first 5–15 seconds on cold start
  • Rattle disappears once oil pressure builds
  • Check engine light may be absent — fault can be mechanical without triggering ECU codes
  • Rattling may also occur on very hot restarts

What to check

  1. Start engine from cold and listen immediately for chain rattle from the front of the engine.
  2. Rattle lasting more than 5 seconds on a warmed-up car is concerning; rattle on a first cold start of the day is a red flag.
  3. Check oil change service history — B47 requires maximum 15,000 km intervals with correct LL-04 spec oil.
  4. Scan for timing-related fault codes.

Where to look: Front of engine (B47 chain is front-mounted unlike N47), timing chain cover at front of block

Parts involved: Timing chain.

Ask the seller

  • “Has there been any rattling noise on cold start?”
  • “What oil specification and interval was used for servicing?”
  • “Has the timing chain tensioner been inspected or replaced?”
  • “Can I start the car from cold before purchase?”

12N47S 2.0L twin-turbo sequential-turbo failure (123d / 125d)

On the drive, accelerate firmly through the rev range and confirm both turbo stages deliver smooth boost with no sudden drop or limp mode.diesel2007–2016EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

13Dual Mass Flywheel (DMF) Wear and Failure

Test pull-away at low revs on a gentle incline to induce judder.diesel2004–2019TransmissionRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

14N47/B47 Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Blockage and Damage

Scan DME for DPF-specific fault codes (P2002, P244A, P244B).diesel2012–2019EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

15B47 2.0d AdBlue dosing pump failure

Check the instrument cluster for any AdBlue or emissions system warnings.diesel2015–2019Engine
OccasionalEngine $850–$2,200 to fix

Can't confirm for this car

The B47D20 diesel engine (which replaced the N47 from 2014 in most markets) uses a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system to meet Euro 6 / NZ-equivalent emissions standards. The AdBlue (urea solution) dosing pump is a high-precision solenoid-controlled unit that injects a fine mist of AdBlue into the exhaust stream ahead of the SCR catalyst. The pump's internal solenoid valve and nozzle tip are sensitive to AdBlue crystallisation — when the tank is run low repeatedly, concentrated urea solution dries on the nozzle orifice (0.2 mm diameter), blocking flow. Additionally, the pump motor brushes and solenoid windings degrade from the corrosive urea environment if the pump sits dormant. Failure causes the SCR system to stop dosing, triggering an emissions fault that progressively limits engine speed, then locks the car to 40 km/h after a set number of restart cycles.

Symptoms to notice

  • AdBlue warning light with countdown to engine de-rate (displayed in km remaining)
  • Engine management light with SCR dosing or NOx sensor fault codes
  • White crystalline deposit visible around AdBlue tank filler cap area
  • Engine limited to 40 km/h after emissions-critical fault threshold exceeded
  • Rough running or increased exhaust smoke if AdBlue system is fully disabled by ECU

What to check

  1. Check the instrument cluster for any AdBlue or emissions system warnings.
  2. Scan for fault codes in the exhaust aftertreatment module (codes P203F, P20EE, P11D6 are typical).
  3. Inspect the AdBlue filler neck for crystalline deposits.
  4. Ask about AdBlue fill history — frequent low-level warnings suggest the pump has been exposed to concentrated urea.
  5. Verify the pump was not replaced under warranty.

Where to look: AdBlue dosing pump mounted on exhaust system / SCR catalyst, underfloor near rear axle

Parts involved: Catalytic converter.

Ask the seller

  • “Has the AdBlue dosing pump ever been replaced or repaired?”
  • “Has the AdBlue warning light ever reached the engine de-rate countdown?”
  • “How regularly has AdBlue been topped up — has it ever run dry?”
  • “Has the car ever been restricted to 40 km/h due to emissions fault?”

16N13 1.6T VANOS Oil Control Valve Sticking

Pay particular attention to VANOS actuator and cam timing codes.petrol2011–2016EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

17B47 Diesel EGR Bypass Pipe Cracking and Coolant Loss

Inspect the EGR bypass pipe at the rear of the engine near the firewall for white residue, coolant staining, or wet areas around weld joints.diesel2015–2019CoolingRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

18B38 1.5T Three-Cylinder Engine Mount Vibration and Failure (F20 116i/118i)

With engine running at idle, observe engine movement — more than 5–10 mm of visible rocking indicates mount failure.petrol2015–2019EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

19N55 3.0T charge pipe clamp failure / boost leak

Open the bonnet and trace the large-diameter ribbed silicone/plastic pipe from the intercooler (front-mounted) to the throttle body.petrol2013–2019EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

20N55 / B58 3.0L turbo wastegate rattle & oil filter housing leak (M135i / M140i F20/F21)

On an M135i listen for turbo wastegate rattle on cold start.petrol2012–2019Engine
CommonEngine $800–$1,900 to fix

Can't confirm for this car

The hot-hatch M135i (N55, 2012-2016) and M140i (B58, 2016-2019) use the turbo 3.0L six. The N55 M135i develops wastegate rattle on cold start (a monitored nuisance). The B58 M140i is very robust but leaks oil/coolant from the oil filter housing gasket and adjacent brittle plastic coolant hose with age. Both are strong engines; these are the genuine items to check rather than any structural flaw.

Symptoms to notice

  • Wastegate rattle on cold start (N55 M135i)
  • Oil or coolant weep around the filter housing (B58 M140i)
  • Slow unexplained coolant loss

What to check

On an M135i listen for turbo wastegate rattle on cold start. On an M140i check the oil filter housing area for oil/coolant residue and monitor the coolant level. Ask whether the housing gasket and coolant vent hose have been done on the B58.

Where to look: Turbo wastegate and oil filter housing on the 3.0L six

Parts involved: Turbocharger.

Ask the seller

  • “Does the turbo rattle on cold start (M135i)?”
  • “Any oil or coolant leak from the filter housing (M140i)?”
Fluid leaks2

01N13 1.6T valve cover gasket oil leak onto exhaust

Check the turbo heat shield for oil carbonisation (brown-black crust).petrol2011–2019Fluid LeaksRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

02N20 2.0T oil filter housing gasket leak (125i)

Inspect the oil filter housing area on the engine block for oil seepage, residue, or staining.petrol2011–2019Fluid LeaksRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller
Other BMW 1 Series engines and years24 documented issues that do not apply to the one you picked.
Engine, transmission & cooling17

01B47 2.0D Timing Chain Tensioner Wear & Cold Rattle

Cold-start the engine from fully cold and listen immediately for chain rattle from the timing cover area.diesel2019 onwardEngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

027-speed dual-clutch (Getrag 7DCT300) low-speed judder and clutch-pack wear (F40 116i/118i/120i/116d)

2019 onwardTransmissionRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

03N54 / N55 3.0L twin/single-turbo wastegate rattle & turbo failure (135i E82)

Start cold and listen for wastegate rattle; blip and release the throttle.petrol2008–2013EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

04N54 3.0 twin-turbo wastegate rattle and boost faults (135i and 1M)

Test drive under sustained acceleration and check for limp mode or power fade.petrol2008–2012EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

05N43 lean-burn petrol misfire — piezo injector and NOx sensor failure (116i/118i/120i)

petrol2007–2011EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

06N54 Direct Injection Fuel Injector Failure

Scan ECU for injector balance, misfire, and lean fuel trim fault codes identifying specific cylinders.petrol2011–2012EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

07B48 2.0T Electric Water Pump Failure

Check coolant reservoir level and condition.petrol2019 onwardCoolingRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

08N46 petrol oil consumption — valve stem seals and crankcase breather (E87)

Start the car after it has sat for at least an hour and watch the exhaust — a blue puff is the stem seals.petrol2004–2011Engine
CommonEngine $500–$3,500 to fix

Does not apply

The E87's N45/N46 four-cylinder petrols harden their valve stem seals and clog the crankcase ventilation system, causing blue smoke on start-up and steady oil consumption. The seals can be done in situ but it is a long labour job; the breather/CCV is cheaper. High-km examples also rattle their timing chain tensioners.

Symptoms to notice

  • Puff of blue smoke on start-up after sitting
  • Blue smoke on overrun
  • Oil use of 1 L per 1,000-2,000 km
  • Whistling from the breather at idle

What to check

  1. Start the car after it has sat for at least an hour and watch the exhaust — a blue puff is the stem seals.
  2. Check the dipstick level and ask about top-ups.
  3. Rev gently and listen for chain rattle.

Where to look: Cylinder head (valve seals) and crankcase breather on the engine

Parts involved: PCV / oil separator.

Ask the seller

  • “How much oil does it use?”
  • “Have the valve stem seals or breather system been replaced?”

09N54 3.0L fuel injector failure & intake-valve carbon build-up (135i E82)

Idle cold and feel for a stumble; scan for cylinder misfire codes.petrol2008–2010Engine
CommonEngine $1,500–$3,500 to fix

Does not apply

The twin-turbo 135i shares the N54's two classic driveability faults. The piezo direct injectors crack or lose calibration, causing misfires, rough idle and hard starting (covered by a since-expired recall/warranty on 2007-2008 builds). Separately, because it is direct-injection, carbon cakes on the intake valves and needs periodic walnut blasting to restore smooth running. Together they make a neglected 135i feel lumpy and misfire-prone.

A single common-rail diesel fuel injector photographed against a plain background.Example of the part — not this vehicle

A common-rail diesel injector. Contamination damages the nozzle at the tip.

Panoha · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Symptoms to notice

  • Rough idle and misfire, worse cold
  • Hard starting
  • Hesitation off idle
  • Check-engine light with misfire codes

What to check

  1. Idle cold and feel for a stumble; scan for cylinder misfire codes.
  2. Ask whether injectors have been replaced (and share the latest index) and when the intake valves were last walnut-blasted.

Where to look: Injectors and intake valves in the 3.0L cylinder head

Parts involved: Fuel injector.

Ask the seller

  • “Have the injectors been replaced and are they all the latest index?”
  • “Have the intake valves been walnut-blasted?”

10N54 High Pressure Fuel Pump (HPFP) Failure

Check VIN against BMW recall database for HPFP replacement completion.petrol2008–2012EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

11B58 valve cover PCV diaphragm failure and valve cover gasket leak (M140i)

With the engine idling, listen at the top of the engine for a whistle or squeal that is not the belt.petrol2016–2019EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

12N52 3.0 dual-VANOS solenoid sludging and rough idle (130i/125i)

Scan for VANOS fault codes (2A82, 2A87 are common N52 VANOS codes).petrol2004–2013EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

13B58 coolant loss from plastic hoses, expansion tank and thermostat seals (M140i)

With the engine cold, check the coolant expansion tank level against the marks and look at the tank and its cap for cracks or dried residue.petrol2016–2019CoolingRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

14N45/N46 Valvetronic eccentric shaft sensor and motor failure (E87 116i/118i/120i)

petrol2004–2011EngineRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

15N55 3.0 turbo VANOS housing bolts loosen or break, stall risk (135i, recall 14V-176)

Ask whether the VANOS bolt recall or bolt replacement has been done and ask for the paperwork, or ring a BMW dealer with the VIN.petrol2010–2012Engine
OccasionalEngine $0–$900 to fix

Does not apply

On the N55 3.0 turbo six fitted to the 135i from 2010, the aluminium bolts that hold the two VANOS (camshaft timing) unit housings can loosen over time and may break. If that happens the engine can lose power or stall while driving. BMW recalled these cars in the United States in 2014 (recall 14V-176) to fit new bolts free of charge; we could not confirm an equivalent NZ or Australian campaign, so check with a BMW dealer by VIN whether the bolts have been replaced.

Symptoms to notice

  • Engine warning light with camshaft timing faults
  • Rough idle or loss of power
  • Engine stalling

What to check

Ask whether the VANOS bolt recall or bolt replacement has been done and ask for the paperwork, or ring a BMW dealer with the VIN. Start the engine from cold and listen for a smooth, steady idle. On the test drive watch for any engine warning light, hesitation or stalling. If a workshop inspection is possible: have the fault memory read for camshaft timing (VANOS) faults.

Where to look: Front of the cylinder head, under the valve cover, where the camshaft timing units sit

Parts involved: Turbocharger.

Ask the seller

  • “Have the VANOS housing bolts been replaced under a recall or service action?”
  • “Has the car ever stalled or gone into reduced power?”
  • “Is this car a Japanese or US import, or NZ-new?”

167-speed dual-clutch low-speed hesitation (F40 118i)

Test drive in stop-start conditions and try a few three-point turns.petrol2019 onwardTransmission
OccasionalTransmission $0–$1,500 to fix

Does not apply

The front-drive F40 118i pairs the B38 three-cylinder with a Getrag 7-speed dual-clutch that owners report as jerky and hesitant at parking speeds, with occasional harsh downshift clunks. Software updates have smoothed most cars and mechanical failures are rare, but an unloved example can feel broken to a first-time DCT driver. Overall the F40 has a comparatively clean record.

Symptoms to notice

  • Jerky crawling in traffic
  • Hesitation then surge from a stop
  • Clunk on low-speed downshifts

What to check

  1. Test drive in stop-start conditions and try a few three-point turns.
  2. Confirm dealer software updates are current and warranty/service plan status.

Where to look: Transmission

Parts involved: Clutch.

Ask the seller

  • “Have transmission software updates been done?”
  • “Any warranty repairs on the gearbox?”

17B58 plastic charge pipe crack or coupler blow-off, sudden boost loss (M140i)

On the test drive, accelerate firmly from low revs in a safe place and listen for a hiss or whoosh and feel for power suddenly falling away.petrol2016–2019Engine
OccasionalEngine $450–$1,100 to fix

Does not apply

The first-generation B58 feeds boosted air from the turbo to the throttle through an all-plastic factory charge pipe. With age and heat the plastic and its coupler become brittle, and the pipe can crack or pop off under boost, giving a sudden loud whoosh, a big loss of power and limp mode. It is far less common than on the older N55, but the risk climbs steeply on tuned cars running extra boost, and the M140i is a very commonly tuned car. Many owners fit an aluminium aftermarket pipe; on its own that is a sign of modification worth asking about.

Symptoms to notice

  • Sudden loss of power under hard acceleration
  • Loud hiss, whoosh or pop under boost
  • Engine warning light and limp mode
  • Car feels flat until restarted

What to check

On the test drive, accelerate firmly from low revs in a safe place and listen for a hiss or whoosh and feel for power suddenly falling away. Watch the dash for an engine warning or drivetrain malfunction message. With the bonnet up, look at the large pipe running across the front of the engine to the throttle for cracks, oily residue at the joints or a non-standard aluminium pipe. Ask whether the car has been tuned or remapped, and whether the charge pipe has ever split. If a workshop inspection is possible: have a boost leak (smoke) test done and stored boost deviation codes read.

Where to look: Front of the engine: plastic charge pipe between the intercooler outlet and the throttle body

Parts involved: Turbocharger.

Ask the seller

  • “Has the car been tuned, remapped or fitted with a piggyback?”
  • “Has the charge pipe ever cracked or been replaced?”
  • “Has it ever gone into limp mode?”
Electrical3

01Electric power steering column failure (E87)

Turn lock-to-lock at parking speed and feel for even, light assistance.2004–2011Electrical
OccasionalElectrical $800–$2,500 to fix

Does not apply

The E87 uses a column-mounted electric power steering unit that fails with age, suddenly making the steering extremely heavy and logging a steering fault. BMW's fix is a complete column at eye-watering cost; the NZ-realistic repair is a second-hand column or specialist ECU repair. The car remains drivable but heavy, and it fails a WoF if the fault light is on.

Symptoms to notice

  • Steering suddenly very heavy
  • Steering warning light on the dash
  • Intermittent loss of assistance on start-up

What to check

  1. Turn lock-to-lock at parking speed and feel for even, light assistance.
  2. Cycle the ignition a few times and confirm the steering light goes out.
  3. Scan for stored EPS fault codes.

Where to look: Steering column, under the dashboard

Parts involved: Steering rack.

Ask the seller

  • “Has the power steering ever cut out or gone heavy?”
  • “Has the steering column been replaced?”

02Battery positive cable connector failure recall, car can cut out or not start (E87/E81/E82/E88 1 Series, 2007-2011)

2007–2011Electrical
OccasionalElectrical $0–$500 to fix

Does not apply

The E87/E81/E82/E88 1 Series (all engines, 2007-2011) was recalled because the plug-in connection on the main battery positive cable at the fuse box can be damaged by vibration and lose contact. When it fails the car may not unlock or start, and in the later recall wording it can lose power or shut down while driving. BMW Australia recalled these cars twice (PRA 2013/13476, then recall 00 61 7704 00), and the same defect was a 516,791 vehicle recall in the US (NHTSA 13V-044). The fix is free at a BMW dealer if it has not been done.

Symptoms to notice

  • Car will not unlock or start for no obvious reason
  • Dash lights flicker or electrics cut out briefly over bumps
  • Engine stalls or electrics shut down while driving

What to check

Ask the seller or a BMW dealer to confirm by VIN that the battery cable recall (00 61 7704 00, earlier PRA 2013/13476) has been completed, and ask for the dealer invoice. On the test drive watch for flickering dash lights or warning messages on rough roads, and start the car several times. If a workshop inspection is possible: have the battery positive cable connection at the fuse box checked and the fault memory read for undervoltage or power interruption entries.

Where to look: Main battery positive cable connection at the fuse box (battery is in the boot)

Ask the seller

  • “Has the BMW battery cable recall been done, and do you have the dealer invoice?”
  • “Has the car ever refused to start or cut out while driving?”

03iDrive/instrument cluster software glitches and 12V battery drain (F40)

Use CarPlay and navigation through the test drive.2019 onwardElectrical
OccasionalElectrical $0–$600 to fix

Does not apply

Early F40s log complaints of frozen iDrive screens, dropped wireless CarPlay, phantom warning messages and modules that fail to sleep, draining the 12V battery on cars used for short trips. Nearly all are fixed by dealer software updates; hardware failures are uncommon. Worth checking because an unregistered replacement battery also causes drain symptoms.

Symptoms to notice

  • Screen freeze or reboot
  • Random warning messages that clear themselves
  • Flat battery after short-trip use

What to check

Use CarPlay and navigation through the test drive. Ask whether software updates (and any battery replacement with coding) have been done at a dealer.

Where to look: Infotainment head unit, body electronics, boot-mounted battery

Parts involved: 12V battery.

Ask the seller

  • “Has the car had all software updates?”
  • “Has the battery ever gone flat?”
Body, brakes, suspension & interior2

01N20 2.0T brake vacuum pump oil starvation, loss of brake assist recall (125i)

On the test drive, press the brake pedal several times with the engine running; it should feel light and consistent, not hard or wooden.petrol2012–2013Brakes
RareBrakes $0–$1,500 to fix

Does not apply

On the 2.0 litre N20 turbo petrol in early F20 125i cars, a seal disc inside the hollow camshaft can shift and block the oil holes that lubricate the brake vacuum pump. The pump can then wear and fail, so the brake pedal suddenly becomes very hard and the car needs much more pedal effort to stop, although the brakes still work. BMW Australia recalled F20 1 Series and other N20 models sold between November 2012 and July 2013 (recall REC-000117) and fitted a locking ring to hold the disc in place. Recall work is free at a BMW dealer.

Symptoms to notice

  • Brake pedal suddenly goes hard and needs a lot more force
  • Brake warning message on the dash
  • Whining or knocking from the top front of the engine

What to check

On the test drive, press the brake pedal several times with the engine running; it should feel light and consistent, not hard or wooden. Watch for any brake warning on the dash. Ask for proof that the vacuum pump recall was done, either a dealer invoice or a service book stamp, or ask a BMW dealer to check the VIN for open recalls. If a workshop inspection is possible: have a BMW dealer run a recall check on the VIN and confirm the camshaft locking ring campaign is closed.

Where to look: Brake vacuum pump at the end of the cylinder head, driven by the camshaft

Parts involved: Turbocharger.

Ask the seller

  • “Was the brake vacuum pump recall done, and do you have the paperwork?”
  • “Has the brake pedal ever gone hard or a brake warning come up?”

02Front Anti-Roll Bar End-Link Premature Wear (E87/E82)

Rock the car at the front corner with hands on the wheel arch and listen for clunk.2004–2013Suspension
Very commonSuspension $200–$600 to fix

Does not apply

The front anti-roll bar (sway bar) end-links on E87 and E82 chassis use ball-joints that wear out relatively quickly, especially in NZ/AU conditions where roads may be rougher or if the vehicle has been driven with any sporting intent. Failed end-links cause knocking or clunking over road imperfections and speed bumps. This is a high-frequency fault with consistent reports from NZ/AU BMW specialists and is considered a routine consumable on these models. Cost is low but the noise is diagnostic — clunk over bumps that goes away when someone sits on the affected corner is a classic tell.

Symptoms to notice

  • Clunking or knocking noise from front suspension over bumps or speed humps
  • Noise changes character when a passenger sits in the front seat
  • Clunk felt through steering wheel over sharp road imperfections

What to check

  1. Rock the car at the front corner with hands on the wheel arch and listen for clunk.
  2. Have a helper rock while you visually inspect end-link ball-joints for play.
  3. Check both left and right end-links — both often wear together.
  4. Look for any cracks in the rubber boot around the ball-joint.

Where to look: Front suspension, end-links connecting anti-roll bar to front strut lower bracket

Parts involved: Ball joint.

Ask the seller

  • “When were the front anti-roll bar end-links last replaced?”
  • “Has there been any clunking noise from the front suspension?”
  • “Has the front suspension been inspected recently?”
Fluid leaks2

01B58 oil filter housing gasket leak, oil and coolant (M140i)

The first-generation B58 3.0 turbo six in the F20/F21 M140i has a plastic oil filter housing that also carries the oil-to-coolant heat exchanger.petrol2016–2019Fluid LeaksRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

02N52 3.0 plastic valve cover and PCV oil leak (130i/125i)

Inspect the top of the engine for oil staining, warping, or cracks in the valve cover.petrol2007–2011Fluid LeaksRead the full fault: symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller

BMW 1 Series faults in detail

Narrowed to the BMW 1 Series · 2015. Each of these has its own page: the symptoms, where to look, what to ask the seller and what the repair costs. Free, no account needed.

B38 1.5T Three-Cylinder Engine Mount Vibration and Failure (F20 116i/118i)Major · EngineB47 Diesel EGR Bypass Pipe Cracking and Coolant LossMajor · CoolingDual Mass Flywheel (DMF) Wear and FailureMajor · TransmissionN13 1.6T valve cover gasket oil leak onto exhaustCritical · Fluid LeaksN13 1.6T VANOS Oil Control Valve StickingMajor · EngineN13/N18 timing chain stretch — cam-crank faultCritical · EngineN20 2.0L turbo timing-chain guide failure (125i F20)Critical · EngineN20 2.0T electric water pump failure (125i)Critical · CoolingN20 2.0T oil filter housing gasket leak (125i)Major · Fluid LeaksN20 2.0T timing chain guide failure (125i)Critical · EngineN47 2.0D EGR Cooler Gasket Failure & White SmokeCritical · EngineN47 diesel timing chain failure (rear-mounted, catastrophic)Critical · EngineN47/B47 Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Blockage and DamageMajor · EngineN47S 2.0L twin-turbo sequential-turbo failure (123d / 125d)Major · EngineN47S 2.0L twin-turbo timing chain and high-output stress (123d / 125d)Critical · EngineN55 3.0T charge pipe clamp failure / boost leakMajor · EngineZF 8HP Harsh Kickdown & EGS Software FaultMajor · Transmission

What these repairs cost on other cars

Some of the BMW 1 Series’s documented faults are repairs other models share. Each page lists the documented NZ cost for every model it affects.

Other BMW models

BMW 3 Series88 documented faultsBMW 5 Series58 documented faultsBMW X342 documented faultsBMW X541 documented faultsBMW 2 Series27 documented faultsBMW X126 documented faults

BMW 1 Series buyer questions

Is the BMW 1 Series reliable?

Like any used car, it depends on the specific example and its service history. Across the 50 documented faults for the BMW 1 Series, the recurring problem areas are engine, cooling, and brakes. A BMW 1 Series with a full service history and no signs of the issues listed on this page can be a sound buy but each one needs to be checked individually before you commit.

What are the most common problems with a used BMW 1 Series?

We've catalogued 50 known faults for the BMW 1 Series, covering engine, cooling, and brakes. All 50 are written out in full on this page, with the symptoms to notice, what to inspect, and typical repair costs for each. Free to read, no account needed.

How much do repairs cost on a BMW 1 Series?

Most single repairs on the BMW 1 Series fall between $700–$2,500 at NZ independent-workshop rates. Some of the 50 documented faults cost less and a few cost considerably more, and no one car needs them all. Knowing which ones to look for before you view is what lets you negotiate the price down or walk away.

Should I get a pre-purchase inspection on a BMW 1 Series?

Yes. A BMW 1 Series inspection focused on its known weak points is the single best way to avoid an expensive mistake. KickTyres gives you a guided, model-specific inspection plus a market valuation and negotiation figure for $24.90 far less than the cost of missing one of the faults on this page.